|
Etiologies of Hematuria | |
|
Extrarenal (far more common) |
Intra renal |
|
Nephrolithiasis |
Nephrolithiasis or crystalluria |
|
Neoplasm: transitional cell, prostate |
Neoplasm |
|
Infection: cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis |
Trauma |
|
Foley trauma |
Vascular: renal infarcts, renal vein thrombosis |
|
Glomerulonephritis | |
Workup (NEJM 2003:348:2330)
• Urine dipstick: *) if >3 RBCs; ® dipstick and 0 sediment — myo- or hemoglobinuria
• Urine sediment: dysmorphic RBCs or RBC casts -♦ GN -» consider renal bx
• If no evidence of glomerulonephritis:
r oUTI Urine cytology
Renal imaging: helical CT (r o nephrolithiasis and neoplasia of upper tract), cystoscopy (r o bladder neoplasia).! U S (r o obstruction or parenchymal disease)
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